What is Structure and Written Expression in TOEFL Test?
Structure
and Written Expression is part of writing test in TOEFL
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Structure and Written Expression is the second part to be
tested in the TOEFL exam. This section is intended to determine your competence
or ability in Grammar in English. Problems contained in this session as much as
40 questions with a duration of time given 30 minutes.
In the Structure section, participants will be given a
sentence that is incomplete and then asked to choose the right word or phrase
to complete the sentence.
Furthermore, in the Written Expression section, participants
will be given a matter of sentence with some marked sections (underlined). On
this type of question participants is expected to determine which part is not correct in the
sentence.
General Strategy
choosing a strategy
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- Understand and learn about Subject & Verb Agreement.
- Understand and learn about Phrase, Clause (dependent & independent clause, noun cluase, adjective clause & appositive, sentence (compound & complex sentence).
- Understand and learn about Part of Speech.
- Understand and learn about Irregular Verbs.
- Understand and Learn Singular and Plural forms.
- Notice the subject and verb in the main sentence. If there is no complete verb subject or phrase, then you should find it in the answer option.
- To help view the main subject and verb, simplify the sentence by eliminating prepositional phrases, adjectives, and or nouns.
- Determine what structure the sentence requires.
- Read the sentence to see if the sentence makes sense and looks right.
From a series of existing TOEFL tests, the Structure and
Written Expression section is a part or session that is somewhat easier to work
on than any other session. This is because the problem in this session is not
too complicated and just fill in the blank part of the sentence and identify
the wrong sentence.Nevertheless, never look at this session with just one eye
or even underestimated. Because the questions in this session can be tricky and
if not prepared everything before the test, then you may be difficult in
answering the questions given. Here I will give some special tips in doing
TOEFL session Structure and Written Expression.
Tips on Working on Structure test
- Notice the questionable sentence in the question. Identify which component of the sentence is the subject, predicate, object, adverb, etc.
- Look at each of the available answers together, so you will quickly find out which option is appropriate to fill the deficiencies in the sentence in question. Here needed a capable grammar skills.
- Do not go in to eliminate a choice of answers without looking at the sentence, because a choice of answers will be known to be true or wrong after being included in the sentence.
Tips on Working on Written Expressions test
- Notice the underlined word or group of words and quickly
find the wrong part. For example, in this case can be identified only by
looking at a word or group of words.
Ex: The final class presentation is the importantest
Without reading the full sentence and just looking
underlined, you can identify which one is not right. Final anwer: Importantest.
Because the superlative form of important is not importantest, but most
important.
- Furthermore, if the problem you meet can not be identified by just looking at the word or group of underlined words, then immediately read the full sentence.
Those are some tips that you can use to make it easier to
answer Structure and Written Expression. Now is the example of the questions and the answer from structure and written expression
Structure
Directions: These questions are incomplete sentences.
Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C),
and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then,
on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space
that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.
Look at the following examples.
Example 1
The president_________ the election by a landslide.
(A) won
(B) he won
(C) yesterday
(D) fortunately
The sentence should read, “The president won the election by
a landslide.” Therefore, you should choose answer (A).
Let's begin the structure test
1. _____ lived on Earth for nearly 150 million years.
(A) Dinosaurs
(B) Dinosaurs who
(C) If dinosaurs
(D) Since
dinosaurs
2. Early printers arranged type into _____ a small, flat
composing stick.
(A) words
(B) are words on
(C) words on
(D) the words are
on
3. ____ along most of its length into an upper chamber and a
lower chamber.
(A) The divided
cochlea
(B) Dividing the
cochlea
(C) The cochlea
is divided
(D) With a
divided cochlea
4. Yeast is an organic catalyst _____ known to prehistoric
humanity.
(A) was
(B) which was
(C) which it
(D) which
5. Many communities _____ a complex system of linguistic
levels in order to show respect.
(A) useful
(B) use already
made
(C) making it
useful
(D) make use of
6. A three-foot octopus can crawl through a hole ------ in diameter.
(A) than one inch
less
(B) less than one
inch
(C) one less inch
than
(D) tan less one
inch
7. ------adopted the decimal system of coinage in 1867.
(A) Canada
(B) When Canada
(C) Canada, which
(D) There was Canada
8. Generally, the representatives ------ a legislature are constitutionally elected by a broad
spectrum of the population.
(A) who they compose
(B) who compose
(C) had compose
(D) compose
9. The Actor’s Studio, a professional actors’ workshop in
New York City, provides ------where
actors can work together without the pressure of
commercial production.
(A) a place and
(B) a place
(C) so that a place
(D) a place is
10. ------ that life began billions of years ago in the water.
(A) It is believed
(B) In the belief
(C) The belief
(D) Believing
11. Refrigerating meats ________ the spread of bacteria.
A. retards
B. retarding
C. to retard
D. is retarded
12. Throughout the animal kingdom, ________ bigger than the
elephant.
A. whale is only the
B. only the whale is
C. is the whale only
D. only whale is the
13. The fact ________ money orders can usually be easily
cashed has made them a popular form of payment.
A. of
B. that
C. is that
D. which is
14. The first article of the United States Constitution
gives Congress ________ to pass laws.
A. the power
B. has the power
C. the power is
D. of the power
15. _____ the demands of aerospace, medicine, and
agriculture, aengineers, are creating exotic new metallic substances.
(A) Meet
(B) Being met are
(C) To meet
(D) They are
meeting
Written Expression
Directions: In questions 5–10, each sentence has four
underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence are
marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be
changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet,
find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the
letter of the answer you have chosen.
examples :
The sentence should read, "Guppies are sometimes called
rainbow fish because of the males' bright colors." Therefore, you should
choose answer A.
16. On Ellesmere Island in the Arctic one fossil forest consist
of a nearly hundred
A B
large stumps scattered
on an exposed coal bed.
C D
17. The surface conditions on the planet Mars are the
more like the Earth’s than are
A
B C
those of any other
planet in the solar system.
D
18. The midnight sun is a phenomenon in which the Sun
visible remains in the sky
A B C
for twenty-four
hours or longer.
D
19. The Humber River and its valley form a major
salmon-fishing, lumbering, hunting,
A
B C
and farmer
region in western Newfoundland, Canada.
D
20. Copper was the first metallic used by
humans and is second only to iron in its
utility through
A
B
C
the ages.
D
21. Despite the fact that lemurs are general nocturnal,
the ring-tailed lemur travels by day in bands of
A
B
C
four to twelve individuals.
D
22. The Western world is beset with the
range of problem that characterize mature,
postindustrial
A
B
C
societies.
D
23. Acrylic paints are either applied using a
knife or diluted and spreading with a paintbrush.
A
B
C
D
24. Some marine invertebrates, such as the sea
urchin and the starfish, migrates from deep water to
A
B
shallow during spring and
early summer to spawn.
C
D
25. Marshes, wetland areas characterized by plant
grassy growth, are distinguished from swamps,
A
B
C
wetlands where trees grown.
D
26. Wampum, beads used as a form of
exchange by some Native Americans, was made of bits of
A
B
C
seashells cut, drill, and strung
into belts.
D
27. Kangaroos use their long and powerful tails for balance
themselves when sitting upright or
A
B C
D
jumping.
28. Proper city planning provides for the distribution of
public utilities, public buildings, parks, and
A B
recreation centers, and for
adequate and the inexpensive housing.
C D
29. Most traditional dances are made
up of a prearranged series of steps and movements, but modern
A B
dancers are generally free to move
as they choice.
C
D
30. A variation of collodion photography
was the tintype, which captured images on a black or dark
A
B
C
brown metal plate instead from
on glass.
D
you can find the answer in this link
references:
http://www.eduers.com/toeflibt/Sample-TOEFL-Structure-and-Written-Expression-Questions.htm
http://www.geniustoefl.com/artikel-ilmu-kunci-toefl/artikel/structure-and-written-expression/contoh-soal-toefl-structure-and-written-expression
http://www.drillpal.com/docs/toefl-structure-and-written-expression-test-1-section-2
http://www.toeflskill.com/2011/09/structure-and-written-expression-post.html
https://www.yec.co.id/toefl/tips-tricks-mengerjakan-toefl-itp-structure-and-written-expression-section/
https://peacekampunginggris.com/structure-written-expression-toefl/
https://www.etsglobal.org/Tests-Preparation/The-TOEFL-Family-of-Assessments/TOEFL-Sample-Tests/TOEFL-ITP-Sample-Test-Questions/Section-2-Structure-and-Written-Expression
